What type of load experiences a lag in current relative to voltage?

An inductive load experiences a lag in current relative to voltage due to the nature of how inductance functions in an electrical circuit. In an inductive load, such as motors, transformers, and coils, when an alternating current (AC) voltage is applied, the magnetic field created by the inductor takes time to build up due to the physical properties of inductance. This delay causes the current waveform to lag behind the voltage waveform, resulting in a phase difference.

In practical applications, this means that while the voltage may reach its peak at a certain point in time, the current does not peak until later, hence the term "lagging current." This behavior is a crucial aspect in power factor calculations, where the effectiveness of the electrical system can be influenced by the phase relationship between voltage and current.

Understanding that only an inductive load exhibits this lagging current phenomenon helps in designing electrical systems for efficiency and efficacy, particularly in environments reliant on motors and other inductive elements.