What is the formula for calculating RMS voltage?

The formula for calculating RMS (Root Mean Square) voltage is derived from the relationship between peak voltage and RMS voltage in a sine wave signal. For a sine wave, the RMS voltage is equal to approximately 0.707 times the peak voltage. This conversion is essential because it allows for the effective measurement of AC voltage in a way that corresponds to the equivalent DC voltage that would produce the same amount of heat in a resistive load.

In practical terms, this means that if you have a peak voltage of, say, 10 volts, the RMS voltage would be calculated as 0.707 x 10 volts, resulting in approximately 7.07 volts. This value is what you would typically measure with a multimeter on an AC voltage setting, providing a standardized measure of the voltage's effective power.

Understanding this calculation is crucial for professionals working with electrical systems, as it helps in designing and troubleshooting circuits and systems where AC voltages are prevalent. Hence, the correct choice represents a fundamental concept in electrical engineering and AC circuit analysis.